Nurses and doctors face growing violence. Credit: Jsme MILA
Violence against healthcare professionals in Portugal has increased by 9% in 2024, according to new figures released by the Executive Board of the National Health Service (DE-SNS). In total, 2,581 violence cases were reported by staff working in the SNS (Serviço Nacional de Saúde) during the year. The growing problem has led to more sick leave, new prevention measures, and a tougher legal response from the Portuguese government.
The incidents included psychological violence, , and moral harassment. Psychological violence made up the majority of cases, with 1,703 reports. Physical violence accounted for 578 incidents, while 171 cases were classified as moral harassment. The remaining 129 cases were not specified in the report.
These incidents resulted in 1,185 lost workdays, as affected healthcare workers were forced to take time off to recover. The DE-SNS highlighted that the numbers are alarming and confirmed that efforts are being made to prevent further violence and protect staff on the front line.
A serious case in Lisbon
One of the most shocking incidents occurred at the Curry Cabral Hospital in Lisbon. After a patient passed away in the Nephrology Department, relatives of the deceased allegedly attacked two nurses and caused damage to the hospital facilities. The PSP (Public Security Police) was called to the scene, and four suspects were identified for causing disturbances.
This case sparked fresh debate over the safety of hospital staff in Portugal, especially in high-pressure settings like emergency departments and intensive care units.
Encouraging staff to report violence
According to the DE-SNS, healthcare workers are now being urged to report any violent incidents they experience or witness. A dedicated platform has been launched to help staff flag threats or attacks. This system is part of a broader strategy to understand the scope of the problem better and respond more effectively.
By increasing the number of reports, authorities hope to gather enough data to implement preventive and corrective measures nationwide. The goal is to create safer working environments for doctors, nurses, and support staff in hospitals and primary care centres.
New legal protections for healthcare workers
On 18 April 2025, a new law came into effect in Portugal, strengthening the criminal penalties for acts of violence against healthcare professionals. It classifies most of these attacks as public crimes. This means that police and judicial authorities can launch investigations without needing the victim to file an official complaint.
This change is considered a significant step forward in protecting frontline staff. Under the previous legal system, many healthcare workers did not report assaults due to fear of retaliation, personal stress, or the belief that nothing would be done. Once an incident is known to the authorities, they are required to act.
Training and prevention in focus
As part of the prevention strategy, 449 training sessions were held in 2024, involving nearly 9,000 healthcare professionals. These were run through a partnership between the SNS, DGS, PSP, the National Republican Guard (GNR), and local health units. The sessions aim to help staff recognise early signs of potential violence and respond safely and effectively.
The training forms part of the National Action Plan for the Prevention of Violence in the Health Sector (PAPVSS), which focuses on raising awareness, improving coordination, and supporting victims. It also includes measures to reduce risks in high-stress areas like emergency rooms and mental health units.
Local support and monitoring
Across Portugal, 39 Local Health Units (ULS) and the country’s three Portuguese Oncology Institutes (IPO) now have their own Institutional Operational Groups. These groups are responsible for monitoring and analysing all incidents of violence within their facilities. They also report yearly on the progress of prevention efforts and support the implementation of PAPVSS measures at a local level.
These multidisciplinary teams include medical, security, and administrative staff, working together to reduce risks and respond quickly to threats. The idea is to move from reaction to prevention and to ensure that no staff member feels alone or unsupported.
A growing challenge
The rise in violence comes at a time when Portugal’s healthcare system is under increased pressure. Staff shortages, long waiting times, and an ageing population are putting additional strain on the system.
While most patients and families show respect and appreciation for the hard work of health professionals, a growing number of staff are reporting verbal abuse, intimidation, and even physical assault.
Health officials say protecting healthcare workers is now one of their top priorities. “We cannot tolerate violence in a place where people go to seek help,” a spokesperson for the DE-SNS said. “Everyone deserves to feel safe at work, especially those who care for others.”
Looking ahead
Portugal’s National Health Service is taking serious steps to address the rise in violence. The government hopes to turn the tide with better reporting, stronger legal tools, and ongoing staff training. But it will take time and a collective effort.
For now, authorities encourage anyone working in the SNS to report all forms of violence and to seek support when needed. The message is clear: violence will not be ignored, and those who attack health workers will be held accountable.
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