The Balearic Islands have approved new public health measures aimed at protecting young people by restricting the sale of energy drinks to under-18s and tightening controls on recreational use of nitrous oxide, commonly known as laughing gas.

The regional government says the measures are designed to address growing concerns about the impact of certain substances on children and teenagers. The new rules, approved on Friday August 7, form part of a wider effort to prevent risky consumption habits and improve protection for minors.

Energy drink sales to minors banned

Under the new regulations, shops and retailers in the Balearic Islands will no longer be allowed to sell energy drinks to people under the age of 18. The government has highlighted concerns over the high caffeine content found in many of these products and their increasing popularity among teenagers.

Health officials have warned that frequent consumption can be associated with problems including sleep disruption, anxiety, increased heart rate and raised blood pressure. Authorities have also raised concerns about young people mixing energy drinks with alcohol, which can affect perceptions of intoxication.

The measures distinguish energy drinks from sports or isotonic beverages, which serve different purposes and are not included in the same restrictions.

Crackdown on recreational nitrous oxide use

The new decree also introduces restrictions on the sale of nitrous oxide for recreational purposes. While the gas will continue to be permitted for legitimate medical, dental, food and industrial uses, authorities are targeting its use as an intoxicating substance.

Officials say the substance can appear harmless because of its short-term effects, but repeated or excessive use can lead to serious health consequences, including neurological problems linked to vitamin B12 deficiency.

Fines for breaking the new rules

Businesses that ignore the restrictions could face significant penalties, with fines ranging from thousands of euros to as much as €60,000 depending on the offence.

The government argues that stronger controls are needed because young people may underestimate the risks associated with both energy drinks and recreational nitrous oxide use.

Health protection placed at the centre of policy

The Balearic Islands’ decision reflects a growing debate across Spain and Europe about how authorities should respond to products that are widely available but may pose risks to younger consumers.

Officials say the priority is prevention, with the aim of reducing exposure among teenagers and encouraging healthier choices. The measures will now move through the required legislative process as part of the region’s public health strategy.