Anti-Mercosur protestors block AP-7 in Catalonia. Credit: @pmiranda1 X
Farmers in France, Spain, Germany, and Greece staged major protests on January 8 against the impending EU-Mercosur free trade agreement. Farmers fear cheap South American imports will undercut local production, lower standards and flood a European market already under the strain from the low-priced demands from large-scale retailers, such as hypermarkets.
The deal, politically agreed in December 2024 after over two decades of negotiations, faces a potential ambassador-level vote as Brussels offers concessions to secure approval without fresh negotiations in the EU Parliament. An attempt at a pre-Christmas signing was scuppered by tractor protests in Brussels.
Massive farmers’ protests erupt over EU-Mercosur signing in 2026
Tractors blocked roads and iconic landmarks in multiple countries as farmers voiced outrage over the EU-Mercosur trade deal. In Paris, dozens of tractors reached sites like the Eiffel Tower and Arc de Triomphe despite police blockades, in actions organised by unions such as Coordination Rurale.
Protesters demanded rejection of the agreement, citing unfair competition from Mercosur nations (Brazil, Argentina, Paraguay, Uruguay, and Bolivia). Similar disruptions occurred in Spain (including Tarragona port and AP-7 highway blocks), Germany (road blockades), and Greece (motorway shutdowns).
The European Commission advanced €45 billion in early Common Agricultural Policy funds, and temporary fertiliser tariff suspensions are a bid to ease concerns, but still, European farmers remain unconvinced.
France leads opposition to EU-Mercosur deal amid Paris tractor protests
French farmers delivered the most visible action, driving tractors into central Paris and nearing the National Assembly. Assembly President Yaël Braun-Pivet met protesters in a hail of boos but defended their right to demonstrate.
President Emmanuel Macron’s government reaffirmed its opposition to the Mercosur deal, with Agriculture Minister Annie Genevard highlighting threats to French beef, poultry, sugar, and other sectors. France plans to vote against the deal and push resistance in the European Parliament.
Spain and Germany see Roadblocks in anti-Mercosur farmers’ demonstrations
Spanish farmers blocked key routes in Catalonia (Girona), Basque Country, Tarragona, Vitoria, Pamplona, and Guadalajara. Groups like COAG demanded transparency on EU funding, while UPA called the measures positive but insufficient. Spanish farmer Jordi Ginabreda, spokesperson for the Farmers’ Guild in Catalonia, stated during highway blockades, “We do not want the Mercosur deal. The deal means that Mercosur products will arrive with illegal products by EU law.”
Germany witnessed motorway blockades, with organisers rejecting the deal for exposing local agriculture to lower-standard competition. Spain’s government, led by Pedro Sánchez, supports the agreement as a boost for EU-Latin America ties.
Political divisions deepen on EU-Mercosur free trade pact approval
The deal requires a qualified majority: 55 per cent of member states (at least 15 of 27) representing 65 per cent of the EU population. Supporters like Germany and Spain stress the export benefits and geopolitical gains.
Opponents including France, Hungary, Poland, and Ireland vow to give “no” votes. Hungary’s Viktor Orbán said it would kill European farms. A final vote may occur soon, with signing speculated for mid-January.