Spain’s overtaking rules have changed in 2026, with stricter speed and safety requirements now in force Credit : K-FK, Shutterstock
If you drive regularly in Spain, chances are you’ve already noticed that 2026 feels like a reset year for road rules. From mandatory V16 beacons to new obligations on motorways, the Dirección General de Tráfico (DGT) has been busy tightening and clarifying regulations. But one change, in particular, is catching drivers off guard: the way you are now expected to overtake.
What used to be a matter of “common sense” or “extra caution” is now spelled out in black and white. Since January 1 2026, overtaking a broken-down vehicle on the hard shoulder or passing cyclists comes with clear speed limits, fixed safety distances and very little room for interpretation. If you’re still driving the way you did last year, this guide is worth a careful read.
Overtaking in 2026: slower, wider and no longer optional
Until now, Spanish traffic rules were surprisingly vague when it came to overtaking stationary vehicles on the shoulder or cyclists riding close to the road. Drivers were told to be cautious, slow down if necessary and, in the case of cyclists, leave a lateral gap of 1.5 metres. There was no precise speed reduction rule, and enforcement varied widely.
That has changed.
From 1 January 2026, the DGT requires drivers to reduce their speed by at least 20 km/h below the maximum speed limit of the road when overtaking a vehicle stopped on the hard shoulder, especially if it is signalling an incident. The same rule applies when overtaking one or more cyclists.
In practical terms, that means:
– On a road limited to 90 km/h, you must drop to at least 70 km/h
– On a motorway limited to 120 km/h, you must slow to at least 100 km/h
And slowing down is only part of it.
Drivers must also maintain a minimum lateral distance of 1.5 metres, a requirement that now explicitly applies not only to cyclists, but also to stationary vehicles on the shoulder. This distance is no longer a recommendation. It is an obligation.
Yes, you can cross a solid line – but only in specific cases
One of the most surprising elements of the new rules is what they allow, not just what they restrict.
To guarantee that 1.5-metre safety distance, drivers are now allowed to partially occupy the opposite lane, even if there is a continuous white line. For years, crossing a solid line was seen as an absolute no-go. In 2026, safety takes priority over paint on the road.
That said, this is not a free pass.
Crossing into the opposite lane is only permitted if visibility is sufficient and no other road users are put at risk. If traffic conditions do not allow it, you must wait. The rule is designed to protect vulnerable road users, not to justify risky manoeuvres.
In short: slow down, move over if it’s safe, and if it isn’t, don’t overtake.
Why the DGT decided to step in
These changes did not come out of nowhere. In recent years, Spain has seen a worrying number of serious and fatal accidents involving cyclists, roadside workers and drivers stopped on the shoulder. Many of those incidents happened at high speed, with vehicles passing dangerously close.
The introduction of mandatory V16 emergency beacons, now required in all vehicles, is part of the same safety push. These connected warning lights make broken-down vehicles more visible and alert traffic authorities instantly. But the DGT’s message is clear: visibility alone is not enough if drivers keep passing at full speed.
By setting a fixed speed reduction and a clear safety distance, the DGT aims to remove ambiguity. Drivers no longer get to decide what “being careful” means. The rule now defines it.
Other key traffic changes in Spain for 2026
The overtaking rules are just one piece of a broader update to Spain’s road regulations this year.
The most controversial change is the mandatory V16 beacon, which replaces traditional warning triangles. Since 1 January, every vehicle must carry one, or risk an €80 fine. The beacon emits a powerful 360-degree flashing light for at least 30 minutes and transmits the vehicle’s location. Despite criticism over its cost and effectiveness, the rule is now fully in force.
There has also been confusion around insurance requirements for personal mobility vehicles (VMPs). While wider insurance obligations were initially expected to apply from early January, the DGT has clarified that most VMPs are not yet affected, as the national registration system is still not operational.
However, VMPs weighing more than 25 kilos and capable of exceeding 14 km/h must be insured before 26 January, even without registration.
Another important change affects motorway driving during congestion. Since 1 January, drivers are legally required to free the central lane on motorways and dual carriageways when traffic slows or stops. Vehicles must move to the sides to create a clear corridor for ambulances, police and fire services.
What this means for everyday drivers
For many motorists, these changes require a mental shift. Slowing down by 20 km/h can feel unnecessary on an empty road. Crossing a solid line still feels wrong after years of conditioning. But in 2026, not adapting carries real consequences, both legal and physical.
The DGT’s message this year is consistent: road safety comes before habit, speed or convenience. Whether you are overtaking a cyclist on a rural road or passing a broken-down car on the shoulder, the expectation is the same – slow down, give space, and don’t rush the manoeuvre.
For drivers who stay informed, the rules are straightforward. For those who don’t, 2026 may come with fines, penalty points and uncomfortable lessons. Overtaking in Spain has changed – and this time, the rules leave very little room for excuses.
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