Holidaymakers heading from Vienna to Crete on a Ryanair jet faced a right nightmare start to their break on Friday. The plane took off around 12.30pm but then unexplainably, oxygen masks suddenly dropped from the cabin ceiling half an hour into the flight. The crew turned the aircraft round and headed straight back to Vienna Airport.

Technical checks followed on the ground. A passenger video showed adhesive tape being used on the affected area, which made everyone feel better (sarcasm). The pilot then announced to the passengers that a new departure was lined up for 3.40pm. That left travellers stuck on board waiting.

Passenger asks for water, and row kicks off

The long, frustrating delay brought about a second drama. One man asked a flight attendant for a free bottle of water, saying he felt unwell. An argument broke out over whether it should be free of charge or not, and witnesses say he muttered the English insult “bitch”. Tempers flared and police were eventually called.

Seven officers boarded soon after and the man and his partner were ordered off. He repeated that he only wanted water because he was feeling ill. Hand luggage checks followed in the overhead bins to make sure nothing belonging to the pair stayed behind on the plane.

Then, another dramatic turn came next. The man collapsed on the tarmac. Emergency crews rushed in, and nearly an hour later he left the ambulance. The pair were taken away from the apron by bus.

More than four hours stuck on board and no take off

Police involvement had cost the flight another departure slot. The new takeoff time then slipped to 4.30pm. The remaining passengers sat through the long wait with one Viennese traveller telling the Austrian media outlet Heute that everyone still had to pay for food, drinks and water after more than four hours on the plane. The toilets were out of action at times too. That same passenger said it was definitely his last trip with the budget airline.

Whose law applies when you are up in the air?

Planes are not law-free zones, even if they feel like a bubble cut off from the world. Clear rules cover crimes, medical emergencies and injuries once the doors close.

The passenger rights platform Flightright points out several little-known points. Legal expert Lucia Cegarra explains that travellers need to know crew powers, their own duties and the legal limits that apply on board.

Crimes and disruptive behaviour on flights

Anyone causing trouble, threatening crew, attacking other passengers, refusing safety instructions faces real consequences, or even insulting cabin crew. Territoriality normally applies, and a country continues to enforce its laws inside its borders, even if it is in the air. International flights make that tricky, so the “law of the flag” comes into play. Rules of the state where the aircraft is registered can apply. In this case, the Ryanair flight might carry an Irish or Maltese flag, and so generally adheres to the laws from those states.

Several legal systems might get involved depending on the facts: the country whose airspace the plane is flying through, the state of registration, or the place where it lands. The captain holds special powers. He or she must keep order and safety and can take any steps needed if people or the aircraft are at risk. That covers aggressive passengers, those ignoring crew orders or anyone putting safety in danger.

The crew can move people to different seats, calm things down or order an unscheduled landing in an emergency. Passengers must follow crew instructions. Refusal risks trouble on the plane and probable legal action once it lands.

Injuries during a flight

Turbulence, a fall in the aisle or spilt hot coffee can leave someone hurt. An airline may be liable in certain cases. The Montreal Convention covers many international flights on this point.

Report the incident straight away to the crew and gather evidence. Photos, witness names and a written confirmation help. Claims can be assessed later depending on the exact cause and circumstances.

More than four centuries after three Spanish Armada ships were wrecked off the Irish coast, Spain is returning to the same corner of Ireland this September for a remarkable four day festival. Spanish Navy sailors, musicians and visitors will gather in County Sligo from September 17 to 20 for Remembering the Armada 2026, with concerts, Spanish food, historical events and a ceremony on the beach where around 1,100 Armada men lost their lives in 1588.

It is a piece of shared Spanish and Irish history that is surprisingly little known outside the area.

And what happened at Streedagh Beach was considerably more dramatic than the rather neat version of the Spanish Armada story many of us probably remember from school.

Three Spanish ships and a disastrous night off Ireland

The Armada had set out in 1588 as part of Philip II of Spain’s attempt to invade England. When that failed, the fleet was forced north around Scotland and down Ireland’s Atlantic coast on the long journey home.

For three ships, La Lavia, Santa María de Visón and La Juliana, that journey ended at Streedagh in County Sligo.

A huge storm struck the coast on September 21, 1588. All three ships were driven onto the shore and wrecked, with around 1,100 soldiers and sailors believed to have died. The wrecks are still there.

In fact, Streedagh is the only known beach where three Spanish Armada wrecks lie together. Archaeological work has recovered an extraordinary collection of material from beneath the sea, including cannon from La Juliana, gun carriage wheels, cannonballs, smaller guns and pieces of the ships themselves. Twelve Armada cannon recovered in 2015 were taken away for conservation. But one of the men who somehow made it off the beach alive left behind something even more valuable: his story.

The Spanish captain who survived and wrote it all down

Captain Francisco de Cuéllar survived the wreck and then found himself stranded in a country he knew virtually nothing about, with English forces looking for Spanish survivors.

What followed was an extraordinary journey through Ireland.

Some Irish people helped him, others robbed or threatened him, and local chieftains offered shelter despite the danger of being punished by English authorities for assisting the Spanish.

De Cuéllar eventually left Ireland and lived to write an account of what happened.

His letter disappeared for centuries before turning up in a Spanish archive in 1895. It has since become one of the most important contemporary accounts of the Armada survivors in Ireland and of life in the country during the late 16th century.

That story is still very much part of the landscape around Sligo today, where visitors can follow the De Cuéllar Trail through places connected with his escape.

During September’s festival, his words will return to the story once again.

A live reading of Lost Sailor of the Armada, based on de Cuéllar’s writings, takes place in Grange on Saturday, September 19.

By then, however, the Spanish presence in Sligo will already be difficult to miss.

Spanish Navy returns for the 2026 Armada festival

The festival begins on Thursday, September 17, with an official opening in Killybegs.

A coach will leave Grange at 9.30am, taking visitors to Killybegs for a tour of the Spanish Navy vessel OPV Centinela, followed by lunch and a visit to Donegal Castle.

Later that evening the history books are put aside for a while.

Spanish and Irish musicians will take over Connolly’s Bar in Sligo for a traditional music session from 9pm.

Friday gets considerably more serious in the morning, with an Armada conference at the National Surf Centre in Strandhill bringing together experts for lectures and discussions about the events of 1588.

There is then a heritage walk through Sligo in the afternoon, including a musical event at Sligo Abbey.

By 8pm attention moves back to Grange, where the Spanish Navy Band joins the Atlantic Ensemble for the festival’s gala concert at the Church of Mary Immaculate.

And anyone who does not fancy going straight home afterwards can head to Moran’s Bar for the Armada Club and a pint.

It is that mixture of proper historical commemoration and a fairly relaxed Spanish and Irish gathering that makes the programme a little different from the usual heritage festival.

Streedagh Beach becomes the centre of the story again

Saturday is when the festival moves closest to the events it is actually remembering.

There will be a historical display of 16th century life in Ireland from 11am, followed by the de Cuéllar reading at midday. At 1pm, a new Armada monument supported by the Spanish Navy and Spanish Embassy in Ireland will be unveiled at the Spanish Armada Visitor Centre in Grange. Then at 3pm people will gather at Streedagh Beach.

It is here, looking out towards the places where the three wrecks still lie beneath the water, that the annual commemoration remembers the approximately 1,100 men who died.

The location makes the story rather difficult to treat as distant history.

Those sailors had left Spain expecting to fight a war in England. Instead, hundreds ended their lives on a beach in the west of Ireland, while the handful who survived suddenly depended on local people they had never expected to meet.

The connection that grew from that disaster is what the festival now celebrates.

Saturday evening finishes with a Mass and Ceremony of Friendship in Grange, accompanied by Spanish and Irish music, before another Armada Club evening at Lang’s Bar.

You can actually walk above the Spanish Armada wrecks

Sunday morning offers perhaps the most unusual event of the weekend.

After a 9am yoga session and optional Atlantic swim, visitors can join the Armada Shipwrecks Walk and Talk at Streedagh Beach at 10am.

Guides will identify the wreck sites offshore and explain how they were discovered and investigated.

For anyone accustomed to seeing Armada artefacts behind museum glass, standing on the beach with the ships themselves still beneath the water is a rather different experience.

At midday, the festival closes at Streedagh with a salute to the OPV Carnota and its crew, accompanied by a flotilla of boats in the bay.

There is one final Spanish touch later in Sligo, with Latin music and tapas beside the Garavogue river from 6pm.

An Armada themed art and photography exhibition will also run throughout the four days in Grange Hall, including photographs of local discoveries made in 1985 and 2015.

Many of the events are free, although the Killybegs trip, conference, gala concert and some evening events require tickets. The organisers have published the full Remembering the Armada 2026 programme and booking information through Spanish Armada Ireland.

For anyone travelling from Spain, it is certainly not the most obvious Irish weekend away.

But 438 years after three Spanish ships disappeared beneath the Atlantic at Streedagh, there are not many places in Ireland where the connection with Spain runs quite as deep.

Seatbelt fastened, hand luggage stowed, tray table up and the captain’s familiar muffled announcement playing overhead. Then comes the safety briefing, and now, if you’re flying with Ryanair, this section will be over a little quicker than what you’re used to

What has Ryanair changed?

Ryanair has introduced a shorter version of its pre-flight safety briefing, with the airline’s updated recording reportedly around 40 seconds faster than the version used previously. The change has attracted attention after some Ryanair cabin crew reportedly said they are finding it difficult to keep pace with the new recording while carrying out the accompanying safety demonstration.

The previous English-language safety demonstration used in 2025 lasted around three minutes and 25 seconds. The new version is reported to be nearly 40 seconds shorter. As many will know, Ryanair’s safety demonstration is carried out by cabin crew, who physically show passengers procedures including how to fasten and release a seat belt, use an oxygen mask and use a life jacket.

According to reports, the change followed feedback from cabin crew who had considered the previous announcement too slow. Some crew members have now said that the revised version has made the routine more difficult to perform in time with the recording. Some cabin crew have described the new timing as difficult to follow when moving between the different demonstration steps. One crew member described the movements as being like “spinning like ballerinas”, while another commented that there was not enough time to pick up the next demonstration kit.

Will the change affect passengers?

For passengers, the main difference is purely the faster pace of the safety demonstration and no actual content has been amended on what you need to know on board or if an emergency occurs. The usual advice remains the same as always, pay attention to the safety demonstration before take-off, even if you regularly fly with Ryanair. Passengers should take note of the location of their nearest emergency exit and listen to the instructions given by the cabin crew.

The latest change is primarily about how quickly the safety briefing is delivered, rather than a new procedure for passengers.

Are you an avid listener of the briefing? Or a headphones in and straight into your downloaded series traveller? Either way, Ryanair will be explaining what to do, even if it is like a spinning ballerina in a life jacket.