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‘I Was Thrown Into The Luggage. Everything Is Destroyed’: Survivors Speak About The Toledo Crash In Spain

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At least 68 people were killed on Wednesday in a train crash near the Spanish town of Urda, in the province of Toledo, according to the regional government of Castile-La Mancha, although officials fear the death toll could rise further.

A Renfe AVE high-speed train, operated by Spain’s state-owned railway company, collided with an Iryo train that was stationary on the tracks, according to emergency services sources. Two Iryo carriages and one from the AVE train plunged down an embankment following the impact.

Ana María, 60, was travelling in carriage six of the AVE train. “When we left Atocha,” she says by phone, “the train was stopped for a few minutes. They had told us there were track problems. Then it started again and, within a couple of minutes, it was over. I don’t know if we hit another train, but we ran into the coach in front. I was thrown into the luggage. Everything fell on top of me. My husband was next to me. He has a serious blow to the head and we’re on our way to Toledo Hospital.”

The couple were travelling to Seville as tourists. “Everything was destroyed. I know a couple of coaches had overturned, but ours hadn’t. Emergency services arrived quickly,” she says.

Jesús Jerónimo, 54, was also near the scene of the crash. He had been travelling in carriage two of the AVE train, where he often sits when travelling to work meetings in his role as a medical consultant.

“I was working on my laptop when I felt a violent acceleration and was slammed into the seat in front,” he says by phone. “People were thrown about. We thought we had derailed. Little by little we got out and saw our train was leaning. There were lots of injured people, and people in shock. I saw papers on the floor and a child who seemed fine. Right now we were helping emergency crews, holding IV drips by hand…. The firefighters, though, are working on the most badly damaged train.”

In the background, sirens can be heard, along with footsteps on the gravel beside the tracks and scattered conversations, as David Gómez tries over the phone, his voice shaking, to describe what he witnessed and how he is trying to help. “We were working in the area. We heard the impact and came over.” Gómez is a bricklayer and was working with his brother and another colleague on a nearby property.

When they finally reached the crash site, he found two carriages off the tracks. “People were trying to get out through the windows,” he says. “We cut through some fencing to get access and started treating people with the first-aid kits we had with us.”

The scenes he encountered left him shaken. “When we tried to pull a young woman out, there was part of a leg…” he says, clearly distressed.

About an hour after news of the crash emerged, “there are ambulances here now, Civil Guard vehicles, the authorities have arrived,” Gómez says. He could not say how much time had passed between hearing the crash and the arrival of the first emergency crews, nor how long they had been left to cope on their own.

Juan Casares is president of CONCOVI, the Confederation of Housing Cooperatives of Spain. He was traveling in carriage one on his way to Seville, where he had a meeting with the Andalusian regional government.

“I ended up in the carriage ahead,” he says. “There was a tremendous jolt, and then, automatically, a series of impacts. I understand that the driver tried to brake, but then the train shifted two or three meters with each impact. The train was packed. There weren’t many children, but there were strollers. People with limited mobility. Two passengers helped me, and we broke the window. We tried to prevent another train from coming. That was our fear. The entrances and exits were blocked by suitcases.”

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What Is The LZB Signaling System, One Of The Key Factors In The Fatal Train Accident In Spain?

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The Madrid–Seville high-speed rail line, where two trains collided on Wednesday, has several signalling and protection systems designed to regulate traffic, control the distance between trains and reduce the risk of accidents. According to government sources, early evidence suggests the collision may have been triggered by human error after a failure in the line’s main signalling system.

The collision occurred at kilometer 118 of the line, between the towns of Mora, Orgaz and Urda, in the province of Toledo, on Spain’s oldest high-speed railway, which opened in April 1992 to coincide with that year’s Universal Exposition in Seville.

According to Adif’s Network Statement, which details the characteristics of the rail infrastructure and the access conditions for train operators, the infrastructure uses the German LZB (Linienzugbeeinflussung) system, a railway safety technology that continuously monitors train speeds and transmits traffic instructions to the engineer’s cab. However, when the automated safety system fails, operations revert to manual control.

Early reports suggest that the safety system failed on Wednesday, causing eight trains in the area to be brought to a halt. The control center subsequently switched to manual operation and instructed all trains to resume their journeys. One Iryo service, however, was unable to restart and remained stationary on the track. Following an instruction issued by the controller at Madrid’s Atocha control center, an AVE high-speed train travelling behind it resumed service and shortly afterwards collided with the Iryo train at a speed that has not yet been determined.

The Madrid-Seville high-speed rail line is currently undergoing a major modernization program. The LZB system is being replaced by the more advanced European Rail Traffic Management System (ERTMS), an EU initiative designed to standardize railroad signaling and control systems across Europe and ensure interoperability between national networks. The version being deployed on the line, ERTMS Level 2, also provides continuous speed and braking supervision but relies on radio communications rather than information transmitted at fixed points by trackside devices.

Rail safety does not depend on a single technology. The infrastructure combines signaling systems, train-detection equipment, and block-control procedures designed to maintain safe separation between trains and prevent conflicting movements. Among the protection systems in use is ASFA (Announcement of Signals and Automatic Braking), which transmits information from trackside beacons to the train operator. Installed on all major lines owned by Spain’s state-owned railway infrastructure manager Adif, including the route connecting central Spain with Andalusia, ASFA alerts operators to certain fixed signals, monitors speed as trains approach them, and can automatically apply the brakes in specific situations, such as when a train passes a stop signal.

In addition to these train protection systems, the rail network relies on a range of traffic-management safety mechanisms, including block-control systems. According to Adif’s Network Statement, the line where the crash occurred is equipped with an Automatic Block Control (BCA) system. Under this system, train operators receive continuous information in the cab about speed and distance, helping ensure that speed limits are not exceeded.

Adif’s signalling technical standards (NAS 811) also include train detection systems, which are used to divide the track into sections (blocks) and continuously identify the presence or absence of movements, enabling safe management of rail traffic.

Added to all this are the communications systems with the command center. Spanish high-speed lines use GSM-R, a mobile technology that enables voice and data communications between trains and control centers through dedicated frequency bands to avoid interference. GSM-R replaced the older analog Train-Ground system, which provided communications between individual trains and the control center.

Investigators will now have to reconstruct the full sequence of events, from the possible signaling failure to the order for trains to resume service and the subsequent collision, in order to determine whether the prescribed procedures were followed and whether any technical or human errors contributed to the crash.

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El Incendio De Un Tren Interrumpe La Circulación En La Línea De Alta Velocidad Madrid-Barcelona

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Viajeros accediendo a un tren AVE en la estación de Zaragoza, en una imagen de archivo.

La avería de un tren de alta velocidad de Renfe entre las localidades zaragozanas de Ricla y Plasencia de Jalón ha motivado la interrupción de la circulación en la línea Madrid-Barcelona poco después de las 16.00 horas, concretamente en el tramo entre Calatayud y Zaragoza. La incidencia en día festivo y en plenas fiestas del Pilar en Zaragoza amenaza con provocar fuertes demoras en los servicios que operan tanto la citada Renfe como Iryo y Ouigo.

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